Make Battery Eliminators

You've got dozens of battery-powered devices around, some used so often that you need to recharge the battery constantly; and some used so rarely that by the time you use them next the cells will have corroded and ruined the thing. Wouldn't it be nice if you could run everything from two or three power supplies, without having to worry about all the mismatching DC connectors, and without danger of frying something because you plugged it into the wrong AC Adapter?

Steps

 * 1) Turn off the device, and remove the battery cells. Recharge or properly dispose of them.
 * 2) Cut wood dowels into the right size for the battery you're replacing. 1/2" diameter dowel rod will work for AA cells, and 1.25" dowel for D cells. Cut the dowels to about the length of the cell not counting the protruding (+) tip; that will be provided using a screw. You only need two pieces of dowel, whether you're replacing 2, 4, or 8 cells.
 * 3) [[Image:IMGP0985_655.JPG|thumb]]Drill a pilot hole into the center of one end, smaller than the screw you'll be using.
 * 4) [[Image:IMGP0986_862.JPG|thumb]]Screw a small wood screw, preferably with a head that most resembles the positive tip of the cell, into the hole you just drilled. Don't tighten it yet.
 * 5) [[Image:IMGP0991_508.JPG|thumb]]Strip the wire from the positive (+) end of your power supply, and loop it around the screw. For a better connection, use a crimp terminal instead.
 * 6) [[Image:IMGP0993_99.JPG|thumb]]Tighten the screw onto the wire or terminal.
 * 7) Repeat the steps for the negative (-) terminal.
 * 8) [[Image:IMGP0998_54.JPG|thumb|Please ignore the transistors and other clutter... just checking the voltage!]]Double-check your polarity with a meter if you have one.
 * 9) [[Image:IMGP0999_621.JPG|thumb]]Mark the dowels with red and/or "+" for positive and black and/or "-" for negative, to avoid dangerous and costly mix-ups!
 * 10) [[Image:IMGP1000_807.JPG|thumb]]Insert the dowels into the device, with correct polarity (see Tips), and turn it on.

Tips

 * For a two-cell device, typically the battery alignment is indicated somewhere near the battery compartment. If not, usually the negative terminal is a spring, and the positive terminal is a piece of sheet metal, either flat or shaped with a small protrusion.
 * For 4-, 6-, or 8-cell devices, it may not be clear which two cells connect to the positive and negative wires inside the device. As long as you don't connect negative to positive and vice-versa, it's highly unlikely you'll hurt anything by trying all the possibilities, since most such devices have the cells in series, and plugging the dowels into the wrong receptacles won't close the circuit at all.
 * The cuts are not critical. You'll notice from the pictures that the dowel cuts were not even straight, but they work fine anyway.
 * Crimp tools, terminals, and wire can be found at stores like Radio Shack, or most auto supply stores.
 * AC adapters can be found at yard sales, Goodwill and other thrift shops and second-hand stores, often for a dollar or so each.

Warnings

 * The AC adapter (sometimes called a "wall wart") for this project must provide a DC output. [[Image:New Xbox 360 Arcade (Jasper)'s AC Adapter 4234.jpg|thumb|This adapter is rated for use with a 100 - 127V (~ means AC or Alternating Current) input and provides dual DC outputs consisting of both 12 and 5 volts.]]A wall wart that provides an AC output is not suitable and if used, may damage the device.  An AC input rating that matches the household power is required.
 * Make sure you use the correct voltage power supply for the battery you're eliminating. Assuming series circuits, 2 cells is 2.4 to 3 volts DC, 4 cells is 4.8 to 6 VDC, and 8 cells is 9.6 to 12VDC.
 * Don't try this with anything you can't afford to lose. Mistakes can happen, and even fire or explosion can result in the worst cases.
 * If after connecting the finished product and the device appears to work for just a moment before shutting off, it may be because the Amp rating of the adapter is too low. Ideally, match the adapter to the DC amp requirements of the device (if provided on a label of the device).  In the image above, the Amp rating is (12, 1A) and means that there is 12 amps available for the 12 V output and 1 amp available for the 5 V output.  Most AC adapters however, have a single AC voltage and amperage input value (or range of voltages like the one above 100V - 127V) and a single AC or DC voltage and amperage output value.  Connecting an adapter with an amp rating equal to or greater than the device requires will allow the device to operate properly.
 * Sometimes, the device or adapter rating may be in watts. Watts can easily be converted to amps by applying Joule's Law when voltage is known.  This law states DC Watts = DC Volts x DC Amps. The adapter above shows 12V x 12Amps = 144 Watts, but there is also 5V x 1Amp = 5 Watts.  144 Watts + 5 Watts = 149 Watts total. If the device connected is rated at 100Watts at 12VDC, this adapter should perform perfectly, and have 44 Watts at 12 V and 5 Watts at 5 V in reserve.
 * Audio and video devices will often suffer from distortion or noise in picture and / or sound if the voltage rating of the adapter is more or less than expected or if the amp rating is "close" but still lower than expected. Turning volume or brightness down can reduce the amount of noise and distortion if the amp rating isn't too much lower than needed.

Things You'll Need

 * Various lengths and diameters of dowel rod
 * Pieces of wire, 18 gauge or larger (the lower-numbered gauge, the larger the wire)
 * Power supplies: solar panels, car batteries, old wall warts, etc.
 * Some small wood screws
 * Wire stripping/crimp tool (optional)
 * Crimp connectors (optional)

Related Tips and Steps

 * How to Run Your House With Solar Power
 * How to Run an 18V Ryobi Tool Using a Car Battery
 * How to Tune up Your Battery
 * How to Change a Car Battery
 * How to Clean Battery Connections
 * How to Create a Battery Tester
 * How to Handle Dead Battery Problem

Sources and Citations

 * This research was made possible, in part, by a land grant from the City of the Sun Foundation, though the specifics of the research were not coordinated nor endorsed by COSF.